{"id":3879,"date":"2025-02-27T09:29:45","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T15:29:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/?p=3879"},"modified":"2025-02-27T09:29:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T15:29:49","slug":"the-history-of-feminist-movements-in-edmonton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/eternal-3879-the-history-of-feminist-movements-in-edmonton","title":{"rendered":"The History of Feminist Movements in Edmonton"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Feminism<\/strong> encompasses political, social, and intellectual movements aiming for equality among people of all genders. In Edmonton, there have always been individuals who challenged society\u2019s restrictions. Feminism first emerged in Europe in the mid-19th century. From then on, feminist movements spread worldwide, including throughout <strong>Canada<\/strong>, in many different forms. More details at <a href=\"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/\"><strong>edmontonka<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a78019addab6\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #090909;color:#090909\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #090909;color:#090909\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a78019addab6\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/eternal-3879-the-history-of-feminist-movements-in-edmonton\/#What_Were_the_Feminist_Movements\" >What Were the Feminist Movements?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/eternal-3879-the-history-of-feminist-movements-in-edmonton\/#Features_of_the_Second_Movement\" >Features of the Second Movement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/eternal-3879-the-history-of-feminist-movements-in-edmonton\/#The_Third_Wave_Linked_to_Punk_Subculture\" >The Third Wave Linked to Punk Subculture<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/eternal-3879-the-history-of-feminist-movements-in-edmonton\/#Why_Is_the_Fourth_Wave_Connected_to_the_Internets_Growth\" >Why Is the Fourth Wave Connected to the Internet\u2019s Growth?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Were_the_Feminist_Movements\"><\/span><strong>What Were the Feminist Movements?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.edmontonka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2025\/02\/ad_4nxe48ickc5ggkb8623n7b782yysirhnotmujipknj04wi5vetky185onm3orpi4zrwnzvmhq6j-kyytu_ov51dj0mxkqp_pdkoyw1lijknsyw2vtrduurysuvxfgxh_bktnmxrx_9akey79nds1ewtepycbarlnjplhzn.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The history of feminism is divided into <strong>four waves<\/strong>. The <strong>first<\/strong> wave in Edmonton began in the 19th century and lasted until the early 20th century. At that time, it was primarily known as the <strong>women\u2019s suffrage<\/strong> movement, because its main goal was to give women the right to vote and run for political office.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These activists, often called <strong>suffragettes<\/strong>, focused on issues of married women\u2019s property rights, child custody, and citizenship. Many of them are sometimes described as \u201cmaternal feminists,\u201d believing women to be the \u201cmothers of the nation\u201d\u2014naturally well-suited to solving childcare and education issues. In Edmonton, the most prominent feminists of that era included <strong>Emily Murphy<\/strong>, <strong>Nellie McClung<\/strong>, and <strong>Irene Parlby<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Features_of_the_Second_Movement\"><\/span><strong>Features of the Second Movement<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>second wave<\/strong>, active primarily from the <strong>1960s to the 1980s<\/strong>, was widely referred to as the \u201cwomen\u2019s movement.\u201d Feminists of that period, such as <strong>Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Casgrain<\/strong> and <strong>Doris Anderson<\/strong>, largely concentrated on wage equality for women, better access to birth control, abortion rights, and ending gender discrimination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Their motto was \u201cthe personal is political,\u201d meaning that everyone\u2019s social and political life is interconnected and cannot be separated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During that wave, <strong>Betty Friedan<\/strong> published <em>The Feminine Mystique<\/em>, which became a cornerstone of second-wave feminism in the U.S. The book argued that many housewives were unhappy but felt unable to change their circumstances because they had no rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some Edmontonians criticized second-wave feminism for its emphasis on the idea that women and men should be \u201cequal,\u201d insisting instead that it\u2019s important to acknowledge both groups\u2019 equally but differently significant contributions to society. At the time, <strong>white, middle-class women<\/strong> were predominant in Edmonton. Black women felt dissatisfaction because their rights remained marginalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Third_Wave_Linked_to_Punk_Subculture\"><\/span><strong>The Third Wave Linked to Punk Subculture<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>third wave<\/strong> is associated with the feminist punk subculture <strong>Riot Grrrl<\/strong>, which arose in the U.S. in response to critiques that second-wave feminism excluded racial and marginalized individuals. Third-wave feminists aimed to be more inclusive. Influential groups in this wave advocated every woman\u2019s right to her own viewpoint, focusing on reclaiming derogatory words, condemning violence against women, and other issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A leading thinker of this wave was <strong>Kimberl\u00e9 Crenshaw<\/strong>, who introduced the concept of \u201cintersectionality\u201d to describe how different facets of identity and oppression intersect. This term highlighted the third wave\u2019s pursuit of justice for anyone facing gender-based discrimination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_Is_the_Fourth_Wave_Connected_to_the_Internets_Growth\"><\/span><strong>Why Is the Fourth Wave Connected to the Internet\u2019s Growth?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>fourth wave<\/strong> of feminism began around <strong>2008\u20132012<\/strong>, coinciding with the internet\u2019s expansion. Building on the third wave\u2019s emphasis on intersectionality, the fourth wave is even <strong>more inclusive<\/strong>. Overall, it centered on achieving justice for those impacted by sexual harassment, assault culture, and similar problems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Access to the <strong>internet<\/strong>, especially social media, made it easier for women to engage with society and mobilize politically in ways never seen before. A defining moment of this wave was the <strong>MeToo<\/strong> movement, founded in <strong>2006<\/strong>, enabling victims of gender-based and sexual violence to share their stories and publicly accuse influential offenders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After <strong>2009<\/strong>, the situation evolved significantly: countless feminist theories, viewpoints, schools, and organizations emerged, working hard to achieve gender equality for all. Feminism has left a major mark on Edmonton\u2019s history, enabling many women to attain rights that would have seemed impossible just a few years prior.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Feminism encompasses political, social, and intellectual movements aiming for equality among people of all genders. In Edmonton, there have always been individuals who challenged society\u2019s restrictions. Feminism first emerged in Europe in the mid-19th century. From then on, feminist movements spread worldwide, including throughout Canada, in many different forms. More details at edmontonka. What Were [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":414,"featured_media":3884,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1035],"tags":[2650,2649,2654,2652,2651,2655,2648,2656,2647,2653],"moimportance":[33],"motype":[1045],"moformat":[66],"class_list":{"0":"post-3879","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-psychology-of-women","8":"tag-features-of-feminism-in-edmonton","9":"tag-feminism","10":"tag-feminism-in-the-history-of-edmonton","11":"tag-feminist-movement-in-edmonton","12":"tag-feminist-movements","13":"tag-history-of-edmonton","14":"tag-the-impact-of-feminism-on-the-history-of-edmonton","15":"tag-waves-of-feminism-in-edmonton","16":"tag-women-in-edmonton","17":"tag-womens-movement-in-edmonton","18":"moimportance-retranslyacziya-v-agregatori","19":"motype-eternal","20":"moformat-vlasna"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/414"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3879"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3879\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3883,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3879\/revisions\/3883"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3879"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3879"},{"taxonomy":"moimportance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moimportance?post=3879"},{"taxonomy":"motype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/motype?post=3879"},{"taxonomy":"moformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edmontonka.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moformat?post=3879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}